Search results for "Alcohol use"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Pain-induced alterations in the dynorphinergic system within the mesocorticolimbic pathway: Implication for alcohol addiction.
2020
Latest studies have revealed that pain negatively impacts on reward processing and motivation leading to negative affective states and stress. These states not only reduce quality of life of patients by increasing the appearance of psychiatric comorbidities, but also have an important impact on vulnerability to drug abuse, including alcohol. In fact, clinical, epidemiological but also preclinical studies have revealed that the presence of pain is closely related to alcohol use disorders (AUDs). All this evidence suggests that pain is a factor that increases the risk of suffering AUD, predicting heavy drinking behavior and relapse drinking in those patients with a previous history of AUD. Th…
Alcohol and Cannabis Intake in Nursing Students
2019
Background and objectives: Drug misuse among young people has become a major worldwide health concern. The present study analyzes substance misuse and its social and personal consequences in young university students. Materials and Methods: Screening of alcohol misuse was based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), while screening of substance-related risks and problems was performed with the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) score. Results: The population was composed of nursing students at the University of Valencia (Valencia, Spain) (n = 185). More than 50% of the surveyed students reported alcohol intake based on the CRAFFT scale
Effect Of Inflammatory Pain On Alcohol-Induced Dopamine Release In The Nucleus Accumbens: Behavioural Implications In Rat Models
2019
AbstractRecent studies have drawn the attention to the link between Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and the presence of pain. Indeed, the correct management of pain in patients with a previous history of AUD has been reported to decrease the risk of relapse in alcohol drinking, suggesting that in this prone population, pain may increase the vulnerability to relapse. Previous data in male rats revealed that inflammatory pain desensitizes mu opioid receptors (MORs) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and increases intake of high doses of heroine. Due to the relevant role of MORs in alcohol effects, we hypothesize that pain may also alter alcohol reinforcing properties and therefore affect alcohol …
Uztvertā vecāku pārraudzība, smēķēšanas un/ vai alkohola lietošanas biežums pusaudžiem no pilnām un nepilnām ģimenēm.
2018
Pētījuma mērķis bija izpētīt sakarības starp uztverto vecāku pārraudzību un alkohola lietošanas biežumu pusaudžiem no pilnām un nepilnām ģimenēm. Datu ievākšanai tika izmantota Vecāku uzraudzības aptauja ( Parental Monitoring Scale, Stattin & Kerr, 2009), kas sastāv no 24 jautājumiem, kas atspoguļo vecāku uzraudzības veidus., (t.i., ko vecāki zina, pusaudžu atklātība, kontroles sajūta, vecāku kontrole). Apgalvojumi tiek vērtēti pēc Likerta skalas 5 punktu sistēmā (1- „nekad”, 5- „vienmēr”). Un alkohola lietošanas biežuma aptauja (Youth risk behavior survey. Division of adolescent and school health, CDC, 1993.g.). Attiecīgā aptauja sastāv no 5 jautājumiem. Respondentiem tiek lūgts izvērtēt k…
Los trastornos oculares del espectro alcohólico fetal
2020
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-archivos-sociedad-espanola-oftalmologia-296-articulo-los-trastornos-oculares-del-espectro-S0365669119303508 Preprint
Alcohol Consumption in HealthyOPRM1G Allele Carriers and Its Association with Impulsive Behavior
2015
AIMS: A link between alcohol use disorders (AUD) and impulsivity is well established. As there is evidence for the heritability of AUD, the investigation of the underlying genetic disposition for both conditions is an important issue. An association between AUD and a coding single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1799971 encoding an Asn40Asp amino acid substitution, A118G) within the µ-opioid receptor 1 gene (OPRM1) has been reported. Therefore we tested the association between the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism and drinking as well as impulsive behavior in social drinkers. METHODS: A total of 214 healthy male social drinkers were recruited. Each participant was genotyped for the OPRM1 A118G vari…
Socioeconomic differences in the use of alcohol and drunkenness in adolescents: Trends in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study in Finla…
2018
Aims: The aims of this study were to explore time-based trends of socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness in Finnish adolescents from 1990 to 2014 and to investigate the significance of two indicators in detecting socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness. Methods: Data were retrieved from seven surveys conducted as part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Finland from 1990 to 2014. The alcohol use and drunkenness of 15-year-old students, as well as socioeconomic status, including educational aspiration and perceived family wealth, were assessed via a self-report questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to investigate t…
Different versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as screening instruments for underage binge drinking
2015
BACKGROUND: The changes experienced in recent years in the conceptualization of binge drinking (BD) make it necessary to revise the usefulness of the existing instruments for its detection among minors. The AUDIT and its abbreviated versions have shown their utility in different populations and consumption ranges, but there has been little research into their use in the detection of BD among adolescents. This study tests the capacity of the AUDIT, AUDIT-C and AUDIT-3 to identify BD adolescents, indicating the optimal cut-off points for each sex. METHODS: High school students self-administered the AUDIT and completed a weekly self-report of their alcohol intake. BD is classified into differe…
Impaired alcohol-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens in an inflammatory pain model: behavioral implications in male rats
2020
ABSTRACT Recent studies have drawn the attention to the link between alcohol use disorder and the presence of pain. Indeed, the correct management of pain in patients with a previous history of alcohol use disorder has been reported to decrease the risk of relapse in alcohol drinking, suggesting that in this prone population, pain may increase the vulnerability to relapse. Previous data in male rats revealed that inflammatory pain desensitizes mu-opioid receptors in the ventral tegmental area and increases intake of high doses of heroin. Owing to the relevant role of mu-opioid receptors in alcohol effects, we hypothesize that pain may also alter alcohol reinforcing properties and therefore …
Episodic future thinking together with observational learning benefits prospective memory in high-functioning Korsakoff's syndrome patients
2020
Contains fulltext : 219555.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Objective: Patients with Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) have difficulty carrying out tasks which rely on prospective memory (PM). Since remembering to carry out an action in the future is crucial for living independently, it is of primary interest to develop strategies that improve PM performance in KS patients. Design: The study employed a computer categorization task as an ongoing activity into which a PM task was embedded. We included episodic future thinking (EFT) and observational learning (Experiment 2) to boost PM. Methods: Experiment 1 evaluated the efficacy of EFT following written PM task instructions in ten KS patient…